Note:
(i) All questions are compulsory. The marks allowed for each question are given beside the question.
(ii)Write your name, enrolment numbers, AI name, and subject on the top of the first page of the answer sheet.
1. Answer any one of the following:
(a) Differentiate between Volatile and Non Volatile Memory.
Answer-Answer-Volatile Memory:
1. It requires a continuous power supply to retain data.
2. Data is lost when power is interrupted.
3. Examples include RAM (Random Access Memory).
Non-Volatile Memory:
1. It retains data even without power.
2. Data is not lost during power loss.
3. Examples include ROM (Read-Only Memory) and flash drives. Volatile memory is used for temporary storage, while non-volatile memory stores data permanently.
(b)Differentiate between system software and application software. Give examples from day to day life.
Answer- System Software:
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- System software manages computer hardware and provides a platform for applications.
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- Examples: Operating systems like Windows, macOS, and Linux.
Application Software:
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- Application software performs specific tasks for end-users.
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- Examples: Web browsers, word processors (e.g., Microsoft Word), and video games (e.g., Minecraft).
In day-to-day life, system software is like the infrastructure of a house (e.g., the foundation), while application software is like the furniture and appliances that make the house functional (e.g., sofas, TVs, and refrigerators).
2.Answer any one of the followings:
(a)Write a C++ program to find square of a number.
Answer – Simple C++ program to find the square of a number:
#include <iostream>
int main() {
// Declare variables
double number;
double square;
// Prompt user for input
std::cout << “Enter a number: “;
std::cin >> number;
// Calculate square of the number
square = number * number;
// Display the result
std::cout << “The square of ” << number << ” is: ” << square << std::endl;
return 0;
}
This program takes a number as input, calculates its square, and then displays the result. It uses basic input/output operations in C++ to achieve this.
(b)Explain different features of OOP with the help of suitable example
Answer- Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) has several key features, including encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. For example, encapsulation hides the internal details of an object, allowing you to interact with it through well-defined interfaces. Inheritance allows you to create new classes based on existing ones, inheriting their properties and behaviors. Polymorphism enables objects of different classes to be treated as instances of a common superclass, simplifying code. These features promote code reusability and organization.
3.Answer any one of the followings:
(a)What criteria should be met by ‘OSI Certified’ product?
Answer- An OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Certified product should adhere to international networking standards, ensuring compatibility and interoperability with other network devices. It should meet all seven OSI layers’ specifications, making it a reliable, efficient, and secure networking solution that can seamlessly communicate with a wide range of systems and devices.
(b)Give some examples of recognised open standards bodies.
Answer- Some examples of recognized open standards bodies include:
1.Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF): It develops and promotes voluntary Internet standards, including the famous Request for Comments (RFC) series.
2. World Wide Web Consortium (W3C): It focuses on web-related standards like HTML and XML.
3. International Organization for Standardization (ISO): It sets international standards in various fields, including technology.
These organizations help ensure compatibility and interoperability in the technology industry.
4. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100-150 words.
(a)Differentiate between SaaS, PaaS and IaaS.
Answer-SaaS (Software as a Service): SaaS is a cloud computing model where software applications are hosted on the cloud and made available to users over the internet. Users access the software through web browsers, and the software provider manages maintenance, security, and updates. Examples include Google Workspace, Microsoft 365, and Salesforce. SaaS is user-centric and doesn’t require users to manage the underlying infrastructure.
PaaS (Platform as a Service): PaaS provides a platform and environment for developers to build, deploy, and manage applications. It includes tools and services for application development, such as databases, development frameworks, and operating systems. PaaS abstracts much of the underlying infrastructure complexity, allowing developers to focus on coding. Examples include Google App Engine, Microsoft Azure App Service, and Heroku.
IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service): IaaS offers virtualized computing resources over the internet. It provides users with virtual machines, storage, and networking. Users have more control over the infrastructure, including the operating system and applications they install. Examples include Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud. IaaS is suitable for those who need more control and flexibility to configure their virtual infrastructure.
(b)Explain the concept of mobile Computing in your own words.
Answer-Mobile computing is a technology that allows us to perform various computing tasks and access services using our mobile devices, such as smartphones, tablets, and laptops. With mobile computing, our mobile devices function as portable computers, enabling us to perform functions like web browsing, email, social media, gaming, and other applications. It allows us to use our devices as portable computing machines, providing access to data and services from anywhere in the world.
It involves seamlessly integrating your smartphone, tablet, or laptop to perform computing tasks and access data and services, thereby reducing the constraints of time and place. Today, it has become an integral part of most people’s daily lives.
5.Answer any one of the following questions in about 100-150 words.
(a)Suppose you want to be a Project manager. What skills you should have to be a successful Project manager
Answer- To become a successful project manager, several essential skills and qualities are required:
1. Leadership: A project manager should be an effective leader, capable of guiding and motivating their team. They need to make decisions, set goals, and ensure everyone is working toward the same objectives.
2. Communication: Effective communication is paramount in project management. A project manager must convey ideas, goals, and expectations clearly and listen actively to team members.
3. Organizational Skills: Managing complex projects requires excellent organizational abilities. Project managers need to set priorities, manage resources, and keep track of deadlines and milestones.
4. Problem-Solving: Unexpected challenges and issues can arise during a project. A project manager should be adept at identifying problems and finding solutions quickly.
5. Time Management: Time is a valuable resource, and a project manager must allocate it wisely to meet project goals.
6. Risk Management: Anticipating and mitigating potential risks is crucial. A project manager should be able to identify risks and develop strategies to minimize their impact.
Developing these skills, along with gaining experience, can help you become a successful project manager. Continual learning and staying updated on project management best practices are also vital for long-term success in this role.
(b)What kind of body language should be used in professional communication?
Answer-Professional communication often demands a certain level of formality and respect. Body language is a crucial part of this communication, as it conveys non-verbal cues that can significantly impact the effectiveness of the interaction. Here are some key aspects of body language in professional communication:
1. Maintain Eye Contact: When speaking or listening, maintaining appropriate eye contact conveys confidence and attentiveness. It shows that you are engaged and respectful of the person you are communicating with.
2. Good Posture: Stand or sit up straight to show confidence and attentiveness. Avoid slouching, as it can be perceived as laziness or lack of interest.
3. Hand Gestures: Use hand gestures moderately to emphasize points or ideas. Be mindful not to overdo it, as excessive gestures can be distracting.
4. Active Listening: Nodding your head or providing other non-verbal cues to show that you are actively listening is essential. It encourages the speaker and demonstrates your engagement in the conversation.
5. Smiling: A genuine, warm smile can go a long way in building rapport and conveying a positive attitude. However, be mindful of the context; excessive smiling may seem insincere.
Remember, while these general guidelines are valuable, adapt your body language to the cultural and contextual norms of the professional setting to ensure effective communication.
6. Prepare any one Project out of the following projects given below:
(a)Write a program that will find the greatest of three numbers (use nested if-else).
Answer-You can write a program to find the largest number among three numbers using nested if-else statements. Here’s the code in Python: pythonCopy code
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
// Declare variables to store three numbers
int number1, number2, number3;
// Prompt user to input three numbers
cout << “Enter the first number: “;
cin >> number1;
cout << “Enter the second number: “;
cin >> number2;
cout << “Enter the third number: “;
cin >> number3;
// Compare the numbers to find the largest
int largest; // Variable to store the largest number
if (number1 >= number2 && number1 >= number3) {
largest = number1;
} else if (number2 >= number1 && number2 >= number3) {
largest = number2;
} else {
largest = number3;
}
// Print the largest number
cout << “The largest number is: ” << largest << endl;
return 0;
}
In this program, we obtain three numbers and use nested if-else blocks to compare and find the largest number among them. The print command is used to display the largest number.
(b) What are the different types of loops in C++? Explain with suitable example?
Answer-In C++, there are three primary types of loops: for, while, and do-while. Each type of loop serves a specific purpose and can be used in different scenarios.
1. For Loop: The for loop is commonly used when you know in advance how many times you want to repeat a block of code. for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {cout << "Iteration " << i << endl;} This loop will execute the code block five times, displaying “Iteration 1” through “Iteration 5.”
2. While Loop: The while loop is used when you want to repeat a block of code as long as a specified condition is true. int n = 1; while (n <= 5) {cout << "Iteration " << n << endl; n++;} This loop will also execute the code block five times, displaying “Iteration 1” through “Iteration 5.”
3. Do-While Loop: The do-while loop is similar to the while loop, but it ensures that the code block is executed at least once, as the condition is checked after the block is executed. int n = 1; do {cout << "Iteration " << n << endl; n++;} while (n <= 5); Like the previous examples, this loop will display “Iteration 1” through “Iteration 5.”